He appeared Part 1 (Gen 18:1)


1 And the Lord appeared to him by the oaks of Mamre, as he sat at the door of his tent in the heat of the day.

And the Lord appeared to him to visit the sick man. Rabbi Chama the son of Chanina said: it was the third day after his circumcision and the holy One, blessed be he, came and enquired after the state of his health (Bava Metzia 86b).

By the oaks of Mamre—It was he (Mamre) who advised him (Abraham) regarding the circumcision and therefore he revealed himself to him in his (Mamre’s) territory (Bereishit Rabbah 42:8).

literally, יֹשַׁב sat—The word is written יֹשַׁב (without the “vav”) and therefore may be translated “he sat.” He wished to rise, but the holy One, blessed be he, said to him, Sit and I will stand. You shall form an example to your descendants—that I, in time to come, will stand in the council of the gods while they will sit, as it is said (Psa 82:1), “God has taken his place in the divine assembly” (Bereishit Rabbah 48:7).

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At the door of his tent—That he might see whether anyone passed by, and invite him into the house.

In the heat of the day—The holy One, blessed be he, brought the sun out of its sheath that he might not be troubled by travelers, and when he perceived that he was grieved that no travelers came he brought to him angels in the form of men (Bava Metzia 86b).

Bava Metzia 86b:17

The Gemara expounds another verse involving Abraham: “And the Lord appeared to him by the oaks of Mamre, as he sat at the door of his tent in the heat of the day” (Gen 18:1). The Gemara asks: What is the meaning of “the heat of the day”? Rabbi Ḥama, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, says: That day was the third day after Abraham’s circumcision, and the holy One, blessed be he, came to inquire about the well-being of Abraham. The holy One, blessed be he, removed the sun from its sheath in order not to bother that righteous one with guests, i.e., God made it extremely hot that day to allow Abraham to recover from his circumcision, as he would not be troubled by passing travelers whom he would invite into his tent.

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Berakhot 27a:10

The baraita continues: Do you say that the time when the sun grew hot was at four hours, or perhaps it was only at six hours of the day? When the verse says: “In the heat of the day” (Gen 18:1), six hours is already mentioned in the law as the heat of the day. How, then, do I establish the verse “And when the sun grew hot it melted”? This must refer to an earlier time, at four hours. The Gemara asks: Who is the tanna of this mishna? It is neither Rabbi Yehuda nor the Sages. If it was in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda, until four hours is also considered morning, as he holds that the daily morning offering may still be sacrificed then, while here it says that in the morning the manna was gathered and it melted after the morning. If it was in accordance with the opinion of the rabbis, until noon is also considered morning, since, according to the sages, the daily morning offering could be sacrificed until noon. Apparently, this is an entirely new position.

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Sotah 14a:4

He explains: Rather, the meaning is that one should follow the attributes of the holy One, blessed be he. He provides several examples. Just as He clothes the naked, as it is written: “And the Lord God made for Adam and for his wife garments of skins and clothed them” (Gen 3:21), so too, should you clothe the naked. Just as the holy One, blessed be he, visits the sick, as it is written with regard to God’s appearing to Abraham following his circumcision: “And the Lord appeared to him by the oaks of Mamre” (Gen 18:1), so too, should you visit the sick. Just as the holy One, blessed be he, consoles mourners, as it is written: “After the death of Abraham, God blessed Isaac his son” (Gen 25:11), so too, should you console mourners. Just as the holy One, blessed be he, buried the dead, as it is written: “And he buried him in the valley in the land of Moab” (Deu 34:6), so too, should you bury the dead.

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